Ilomata International Journal of Social Science
Ilomata International Journal of Social Science, with ISSN: 2714-8998 (Online) and 2714-898X (Print), is an international, peer-reviewed, open-access scholarly journal published by Yayasan Sinergi Kawula Muda, a legally established non-profit foundation registered under Decree No. AHU-0003890.AH.01.04.Tahun.2023. The journal is dedicated to advancing social science scholarship by publishing high-quality research that contributes to a deeper understanding of social phenomena, public issues, governance, human behavior, and societal transformation in local, national, and global contexts. The journal provides a platform for academics, researchers, policymakers, educators, practitioners, and professionals to disseminate original research articles, review articles, conceptual papers, and case studies. Through a rigorous peer-review process, the journal promotes scientific excellence, interdisciplinary collaboration, and evidence-based approaches to addressing contemporary social challenges. Published quarterly in collaboration with the Asosiasi Peneliti dan Pengajar Ilmu Sosial Indonesia (APPISI), the journal serves as a globally accessible forum for scholarly discussions in various branches of social science. It encourages interdisciplinary perspectives that integrate sociology, education, law, political science, public administration, communication studies, and other related disciplines to generate innovative solutions for societal development. As an accredited journal in the Science and Technology Index (SINTA) 2, the journal is indexed and abstracted in several reputable databases, including GARUDA, Google Scholar, Crossref, and Dimensions. The journal has also established international visibility through publications and citations indexed in the Scopus database. The journal maintains a strong commitment to academic integrity and ethical publishing practices in accordance with the principles established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). All submitted manuscripts are evaluated based on originality, scholarly contribution, methodological rigor, and ethical compliance to ensure the quality and credibility of published research. With its commitment to open-access principles, the journal provides free and unrestricted access to all published content, supporting global knowledge dissemination and fostering collaboration among researchers, educators, practitioners, and policymakers. The journal welcomes contributions that offer theoretical insights, empirical evidence, comparative analyses, and policy recommendations relevant to contemporary social issues and sustainable societal development. For more information regarding manuscript submission, publication ethics, peer-review procedures, and editorial policies, please visit the journal website: https://www.ilomata.org/index.php/ijss . The journal welcomes original research articles, review articles, conceptual papers, and case studies in social science and related disciplines. The scope of the journal includes, but is not limited to, the following areas: Sociology and Social Change Social and Cultural Studies Community Development Education and Educational Policy Teaching and Learning Innovation Human Development and Social Welfare Law and Society Human Rights and Justice Studies Political Science Public Administration Public Policy and Governance Public Sector Reform Communication and Media Studies Digital Communication and Social Media Journalism and Information Society International Relations Gender and Diversity Studies Population and Demographic Studies Religion and Society Environmental and Sustainability Studies Behavioral and Social Psychology Development Studies Globalization and Contemporary Social Issues Interdisciplinary Social Science Research The journal particularly encourages interdisciplinary research that integrates perspectives from sociology, education, law, political science, public administration, communication studies, psychology, development studies, and other social science disciplines. Studies addressing social transformation, governance, public policy, human development, digital society, sustainability, and emerging societal challenges at local, national, regional, and global levels are highly encouraged. Please read further explanations of our focus and scope. ```
Exploring Constructivism in Primary School Students' Creativity in Speaking Class
Students’ creativity constitutes a central cognitive–pedagogical capacity that supports speaking skill development within a Constructivism framework, particularly in primary education. Despite its theoretical importance, empirical evidence indicates that the integration of creativity-oriented constructivist strategies in speaking classrooms remains limited, especially in developing contexts. Addressing this gap, this study explores how constructivist pedagogy facilitates students’ creativity in speaking classes. It examines: (1) how constructivist learning models influence creativity, (2) which learning activities are perceived as effective in stimulating creativity, and (3) the challenges faced by teachers in implementation. This qualitative case study involved two English teachers and thirty fifth-grade students, with data collected from six classroom sessions. Data sources included classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and lesson plan documentation. Students’ creativity was operationalized through indicators of idea fluency, originality, flexibility in language use, and elaboration in speaking performance. Data were analyzed using Thematic Analysis to identify recurring instructional patterns. The findings indicate that constructivist practices enhance students’ creativity through interactive learning, scaffolding, and performance-based assessment. Teachers perceived project-based learning, contextual tasks, and collaborative discussions as effective in fostering creative expression. However, challenges include limited linguistic proficiency, cognitive readiness, and instructional constraints. This study contributes empirically grounded insights into the operationalization of creativity within constructivist speaking instruction at the primary level.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Luh Yunita Purnama Dewi, Dyah Setyowati Ciptaningrum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Post-Correctional Legal Implementation for Former Terrorism Convicts from a Justice Perspective
This study examines the legal construction of post-correctional punishment execution for former terrorism convicts within the Indonesian correctional system, focusing on the balance between security, reintegration, and justice after release. Existing scholarship generally emphasizes three perspectives: surveillance and risk management, deradicalization as a counterterrorism strategy, and limited rights-based reintegration analyses that inadequately address legal guarantees for former convicts. This study critically assesses the normative coherence of post-correctional legal frameworks in reflecting principles of justice, using Banyumas Regency as a contextual legal reference. A normative juridical method with qualitative analysis was employed, relying on statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and theories of justice concerning corrections, counterterrorism, and human rights. The analysis was conducted through statutory interpretation and doctrinal evaluation without empirical field investigation. The findings indicate that, although post-correctional supervision and deradicalization are formally regulated, the legal framework lacks detailed operational standards, measurable indicators, and effective coordination mechanisms at the local level. These normative gaps may hinder substantive justice by limiting proportional supervision and protection of former convicts’ socio-economic rights. The study concludes that the current framework has not fully incorporated restorative and reintegrative justice principles in a coherent and operational manner. Accordingly, a more structured, rights-oriented post-correctional model is required to strengthen legal certainty, community participation, social empowerment, and a balanced relationship between public security and individual rights protection.
Copyright (c) 2026 Vinanda Ade Pratama, Zakhroh Aulia Dewi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Role of a Pragmatic Approach in the Habituation of Spoken Standard Indonesian to Enhance Elementary School Students’ Public Speaking Skills: a Systematic Literature Review
Public speaking competence among elementary school students remains constrained by psychological barriers, including anxiety, low self-confidence, and limited mastery of standard oral Indonesian. In classroom interaction, standard Indonesian is often perceived as overly formal and disconnected from students’ everyday communication practices, which reduces its functional use in authentic researchs. From the perspective of communicative competence and pragmatic theory, this condition reflects a gap between linguistic knowledge and the ability to apply language appropriately in research-sensitive oral communication. This study aims to synthesize the contribution of pragmatic aspects to the habituation of standard oral Indonesian and to examine their pedagogical implications for students’ public speaking development. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) design was employed, analyzing 12 peer-reviewed studies indexed in Scopus and ProQuest published between 2016 and 2026. The selection process followed explicit inclusion criteria, prioritizing elementary-level studies while incorporating a limited number of comparative studies from other educational levels to strengthen conceptual generalization. A thematic synthesis approach was applied to identify recurring instructional strategies, pragmatic components, and reported learning outcomes. The findings suggest that teacher modeling, researchualized dialogue practice, and simulation-based learning are consistently associated with increased student engagement in using standard oral Indonesian. Pragmatic elements, such as politeness strategies, deixis, speech acts, and prosodic features, are also linked to improved communicative appropriateness and reduced speaking anxiety. However, these results indicate patterns of association rather than causal relationships due to the heterogeneity of the included studies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Elma Nur Hafizah, Aninditya Sri Nugraheni, Abroto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Use of Storybird to Improve Students’ Narrative Writing Skills: A Classroom Action Research in Grade VIII at SMP N 3 Sleman, Yogyakarta
This study investigates the use of the Storybird platform to enhance the writing skills of grade VIII students at SMP N 3 Sleman in the 2024/2025 academic year. Although digital storytelling tools are increasingly integrated into EFL pedagogy, empirical evidence regarding their classroom implementation for improving multiple dimensions of writing remains limited. Addressing this gap, the research examines how Storybird supports students’ writing development in a real classroom context. Employing a classroom action research design conducted in two cycles, the researcher collaborated with an English teacher. Participants comprised 32 students from class VIII B. Data were gathered through writing tests, observation sheets, field notes, and semi-structured interviews. Qualitative data underwent thematic analysis, while quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Validity was established through democratic, dialogic, catalytic, and outcome criteria. Findings indicate that Storybird’s picture book feature facilitated improved idea generation and more coherent organization of narrative texts. Qualitative evidence revealed heightened engagement, better vocabulary selection, and gradual gains in grammatical accuracy. Quantitatively, mean writing scores rose from 57.61 in the pre-test to 71.50 in Cycle 1 and 80.03 in Cycle 2. These results suggest that Storybird was associated with enhanced writing performance among the students. Given the classroom action research design, causal inferences must be drawn cautiously. Nevertheless, the study contributes contextual evidence on the pedagogical value of digital storytelling tools for supporting writing development in resource-constrained EFL settings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Linda Nur Ainah, Jamilah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Stakeholder Participation Analysis in the Development of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS): A Qualitative Analysis of Health Project Management Practices
Hospital construction projects involve complex coordination among multiple actors, yet previous studies have paid limited attention to how stakeholder participation shapes the development of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) within specific healthcare construction settings. This study aimed to examine the forms and levels of stakeholder participation in WBS development and to identify factors influencing stakeholder involvement during project planning. A qualitative case study was conducted in the Dharmais Cancer Hospital construction project. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews with nine key informants representing strategic project organization functions, which includes senior management, project operations, engineering, administration, quantity surveying, building information modeling, and contract management, alongside the project owner representative. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and validated through triangulation techniques. The findings indicate that stakeholder participation varied across groups. Project owners and key technical actors were actively involved in defining work packages and making planning decisions, whereas some supporting stakeholders participated only at the consultation stage. In several instances, participation tended to become formalistic because decision-making authority remained concentrated among a limited number of actors, while communication and institutional procedures constrained broader involvement. Organizational structure, leadership commitment, communication mechanisms, and information technology support were identified as important factors shaping participation patterns. The study suggests that effective WBS development depends not only on the presence of stakeholders but also on the quality and distribution of their participation. These findings provide practical insights for improving collaborative planning in healthcare construction projects.
Copyright (c) 2026 Arief Rahman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
LSPR's Social Media Narrative in Maintaining the Legitimacy of Formal Education: A Critical Discourse Analysis of LSPR's Digital Communication Strategy
This study examines how LSPR Institute of Communication & Business constructs the legitimacy of formal education through its social media discourse. Amid increasing competition and state regulation of educational quality, private higher education institutions must strategically negotiate public perception. This research applies Critical Discourse Analysis to analyze three pinned Instagram posts from @lsprjakarta and triangulates the findings through in-depth interviews with nine informants consisting of students, parents, lectures, and staff. The textual analysis reveals the use of affective-inspirational language emphasizing family-oriented diction to frame educational achievement as collective belonging. The discursive. practice analysis shows collaborative content production and distribution that reinforces institutional integration and network expansion. The social practice analysis demonstrates that LSPR constructs formal education legitimacy through symbolic positioning as a "family" dan "home", aligning institutional identity with societal expectations. The study contributes theoretically by identifying family as an affective soft-power strategy in negotiating legitimacy between state regulation and public perception. This finding extends Critical Discourse Analysis in educational communication by demonstrating that institutional legitimacy is constructed not only through academic quality but also through affective-symbolic discourse.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ivanaldy Kabul, Rudy Harjanto, Geofakta Razali https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
An Overview of Open Relationship Behaviors among Homosexual (Gay) Individuals Using Online Dating Applications
This study aims to explore the behavioral dynamics of open relationships among homosexual (gay) individuals who use online dating applications, focusing on subjective experiences derived from a small-scale qualitative inquiry. The study is motivated by the increasing use of digital platforms within the gay community, which may facilitate more flexible and non-monogamous relational arrangements. A qualitative method with a phenomenological approach was employed to examine lived experiences in depth. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with two participants who are engaged in open relationships and actively use dating applications. The findings, based on inductive thematic analysis of participants’ narratives, indicate that open relationships are not merely understood as expressions of sexual freedom, but as ongoing processes of negotiating emotional needs, intimacy, and personal autonomy. Seven recurrent themes consent, self-awareness, communication, honesty, boundaries, trust, and negotiated forms of fidelity and commitment emerged as key features within participants’ accounts. These themes were developed inductively while being interpreted in relation to existing theoretical perspectives on consensual non-monogamy. Within this limited empirical context, open relationships reflect an alternative construction of fidelity grounded in transparency and emotional responsibility, particularly in tension with dominant cultural norms that privilege monogamy. Given the study’s reliance on two participants, the findings are not intended for generalization but instead provide context-bound insights into individual meaning-making processes. The study contributes to social psychological discourse by offering a phenomenologically grounded account of emotional ethics in non-monogamous relationships and highlights implications for culturally sensitive counseling practices for LGBTQ+ clients in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Henry Franco Eduard Tobe, Ratriana Yuliastuti Endang Kusumiati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Determinants of Electronic Customer Loyalty on TikTok Shop: Roles of Quality Experience Satisfaction and EWOM
This study investigates electronic customer loyalty in video-based social commerce by analyzing TikTok Shop users in Jakarta, Indonesia. Prior studies on e-loyalty and TikTok Shop contexts have predominantly examined partial relationships such as the direct effects of electronic service quality (ESQ) or electronic word of mouth (eWOM) on loyalty often treating electronic customer experience (ECE) and electronic customer satisfaction (ECS) as isolated or sequential predictors rather than integrating them within a comprehensive structural model. In contrast, this study develops and empirically tests an integrated framework that simultaneously incorporates ESQ, ECE, ECS, and eWOM, while also explicitly distinguishing ECE as a process-based construct reflecting interactive user engagement and ECS as an outcome-based evaluative judgment in the formation of loyalty. Using a cross-sectional survey of 235 TikTok Shop users and applying PLS-SEM analysis, the results demonstrate that ESQ and ECE have significant positive effects on electronic customer loyalty. Furthermore, bootstrapped mediation analysis reveals that the indirect effects of ECS and eWOM on loyalty are not statistically significant, as indicated by their respective path coefficients, t-values, p-values, and 95% confidence intervals that include zero, thereby confirming the absence of meaningful mediation effects. These findings suggest that loyalty in video-based social commerce is more strongly driven by consistent service performance and interactive experiential processes than by post-purchase evaluations or communicative diffusion alone. The study contributes empirically by clarifying the roles of process- and outcome-based constructs within an integrated e-loyalty model in the context of emerging video-commerce ecosystems in Southeast Asian digital markets.
Copyright (c) 2026 Syakir Abdul Wadud, Mahrinasari, Miguna Astuti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Impact of Sponsorship and Customer Engagement on Brand Awareness: The Mediating Role of Brand Image
Intensifying competition in the food and beverage industry has heightened the strategic relevance of sponsorship activities and customer engagement in shaping consumer-based brand outcomes. This study examines the statistical associations between sponsorship programs, customer engagement, and brand awareness, with brand image positioned as an intervening construct, within the specific context of PT Wingsfood’s Mie Sedaap product sampling program in Mampang. Employing a quantitative research design, the study utilized purposive sampling to collect data from N = 280 respondents who had participated in the sampling program. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with a bootstrapping procedure to assess the significance of the hypothesized relationships. The findings reveal that sponsorship and customer engagement are statistically associated with brand awareness, both directly and indirectly through brand image as a mediating variable. These results underscore the importance of integrating experiential marketing initiatives with interactive consumer engagement strategies to strengthen brand positioning in highly competitive markets.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ayu Syispratiwi, Prasetyo Hadi, Maria Assumpta Wikantari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
AI and Sustainability-Oriented Teaching: An Exploratory Qualitative Study of Lecturers’ Perspectives from Four Countries
This exploratory qualitative study examines how lecturers perceive artificial intelligence (AI) as supporting green behavior in higher education through sustainability-oriented teaching practices, responsible digital use, and institutional adaptation. Although AI adoption, sustainability education, and green behavior have been widely discussed, limited qualitative evidence explains how lecturers interpret the relationship between AI use and sustainability-oriented academic practice. This study clarifies AI-supported green behavior as lecturers’ perceived use of AI to support resource-conscious teaching, digital material optimization, responsible digital practice, ethical academic decision-making, and pedagogical redesign aligned with sustainability values. A qualitative research design was employed using semi-structured interviews with seven lecturers from Indonesia, Malaysia, Denmark, and Morocco. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings show that lecturers perceived AI as supporting sustainability-oriented academic practices by reducing repetitive workload, enabling cognitive reallocation, strengthening digital material optimization, raising ethical concerns, and highlighting the importance of institutional readiness, lecturer self-efficacy, and adaptive academic leadership. AI does not automatically produce green behavior; rather, its contribution depends on ethical governance, lecturer capability, institutional support, and sustainability-oriented academic culture. This study offers lecturer-centered qualitative insight into AI as a potential enabler of responsible and sustainability-oriented teaching innovation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Yusriani, Endi Rekarti, Haniruzila Hanifah, Bendaoud Nadif, Muji Gunarto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes in Laparoscopic versus Robotic Donor Nephrectomy
Living donor kidney transplantation remains the preferred treatment for end-stage renal disease because it provides superior long-term outcomes compared with dialysis. The increasing use of minimally invasive techniques, particularly Laparoscopic Donor Nephrectomy (LDN) and Robotic Donor Nephrectomy (RDN), has prompted comparisons of their perioperative performance and donor outcomes. This study systematically reviewed evidence comparing postoperative renal function, hospital length of stay, perioperative parameters, and postoperative complications between LDN and RDN. A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for comparative studies published between 2010 and 2025. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria and were synthesized qualitatively. The evidence indicates that RDN and LDN produce comparable postoperative renal function, including stable estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum creatinine levels. Several studies reported shorter hospital stays, lower early postoperative pain scores, and faster recovery with RDN, although robotic procedures required longer operative times during early implementation. Complication rates were generally low and similar between techniques. Overall, both LDN and RDN are feasible and safe minimally invasive approaches for living donor nephrectomy. However, variations in study design, institutional experience, and outcome reporting limit definitive conclusions regarding the superiority of either technique, highlighting the need for standardized high-quality comparative studies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Rizki Fadil, Fabian Gamal Sutrisno, Jeremia Yusak Lestari, Archie Fontana Iskandar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Reimagining Internships in the Digital Age: Virtual Communication Practices for Smarter Student Engagement
This study examines the influence of communication practices on internship experiences in virtual, physical, and hybrid formats. The study employed a qualitative interpretive design, utilizing three focus group discussions comprising 15 final-year communication students at Sunway University, with five participants in each modality group. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to look at the discussions and find patterns in how students felt about onboarding, mentoring, feedback, social presence, and work-related fatigue. The results indicate that virtual internships were frequently perceived as adaptable and effective for task coordination; however, participants also reported delayed clarification, diminished spontaneous interaction, and limited opportunities for informal learning and networking. People generally thought that physical internships offered more interpersonal cues, faster feedback, and better day-to-day support for relationships. However, the quality of mentoring still varied from supervisor to supervisor. Some people said that hybrid internships offered a partial balance between flexibility and access to relationships, but how well they worked depended on how communication was set up in both online and in-person settings. The findings do not imply that one modality is inherently superior. Due to being an exploratory study with a small, context-specific sample, these findings should be regarded as interpretive insights rather than universally applicable conclusions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Indri Alya Himawan, Siti Maharani Nadira, Nabila Fenelia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Transformation of the 3 kg Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Subsidy Policy in Indonesia
The transformation of Indonesia’s 3-kg LPG subsidy policy marks a progressive shift from an open, commodity price–based distribution system toward a beneficiary-targeted scheme reinforced by digital infrastructure. This study examines the evolution of policy objectives and governance arrangements across the LPG supply chain, spanning the 2007 kerosene-to-LPG conversion program through the post-2024 adoption of National Identification Number (NIK)–based targeting and digital transaction recording. Departing from earlier research that primarily addresses fiscal costs or subsidy effectiveness, the analysis advances a structured periodization framework integrated with a supply-chain governance perspective to illuminate how regulatory reforms, targeting instruments, and digital systems jointly reshape delivery mechanisms. Employing a descriptive qualitative design grounded in historical-archival methods, the study draws on government regulations, official reports, statistical records, and scholarly literature. Three analytically distinct phases emerge. The first phase (2007–2018) established an open distribution model that successfully curtailed kerosene use and generated fiscal savings, yet suffered substantial leakage and targeting inaccuracies. The second phase (2019–2023) constituted a transitional period characterized by strengthened regulatory frameworks and nascent digital monitoring. The third phase (2024–present) institutionalizes identity-based distribution through NIK verification and digital applications that document transactions throughout the supply chain, thereby enhancing accountability and precision. By combining policy periodization with a supply-chain governance lens, the study provides an analytical framework for understanding the institutional evolution of subsidy delivery. Persistent challenges remain, including inclusion errors, ambiguous beneficiary criteria, unclear consumption quotas, and ongoing vulnerability of the distribution chain to price distortions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Elmi Wahyuni, Budiman Rusli, Candradewini Candradewini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
From KKMB to IKM Southeast Sulawesi: The Organizational History of the Minangkabau Migrant Community in Kendari (1980–2024)
This article analyzes the historical dynamics and institutional transformation of Minangkabau migrant organizations in Kendari City, focusing on the transition from the Minangkabau Family Harmony (KKMB) established in the 1980s to the Southeast Sulawesi Minangkabau Family Association (IKM) in 2024. The study aims to examine how this organizational transformation reflects adaptive strategies in maintaining social cohesion and cultural continuity among the Minangkabau diaspora within a multicultural urban context in Eastern Indonesia. Employing a qualitative design grounded in historical methods and case study approaches, data were collected through in-depth interviews with organizational leaders and members, participant observation of organizational activities, and document analysis, including statutes (AD/ART), archival records, and administrative reports. The analysis is guided by the social capital framework of Robert Putnam, with particular emphasis on the operational dimensions of bonding and bridging social capital, trust, reciprocity, and social networks. The findings indicate that the transformation from KKMB to IKM represents not merely an administrative restructuring but a strategic institutional adaptation that reinforces internal solidarity (bonding) while simultaneously expanding external integration (bridging) with the local Southeast Sulawesi community. Empirically, the Kendari case both confirms and extends Putnam’s framework by demonstrating that diaspora organizations in plural urban settings actively negotiate identity and inclusivity, thereby complicating the dichotomy between bonding and bridging social capital through hybridized organizational practices.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fauziatul Hasana, Ahmadin, Rasyid Ridha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Effect of the Team Game Tournament Model on Negotiation Text Writing Skills: A Quasi-Experimental Study of Grade X Students at SMAN 6 Tangerang Regency
This study examined the effectiveness of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model in improving the negotiation text writing skills of Grade X students at SMAN 6 Tangerang Regency. Writing negotiation texts is an important component of Indonesian language learning, requiring students to develop structured arguments, coherent ideas, and persuasive language. However, students often experience difficulties in organizing ideas and expressing arguments effectively in written form. This quantitative quasi-experimental study employed a nonequivalent control group design involving 66 Grade X students from intact classes. The experimental group was taught using the TGT learning model for several instructional meetings, while the control group received conventional instruction. Pre- and post-test writing tasks on negotiation texts were assessed using a rubric covering content relevance, text organization, argument development, language use, and writing mechanics. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Mann–Whitney U test with IBM SPSS Statistics version 27. The results showed a statistically significant difference in post-test writing scores, with higher average scores in the experimental group. These findings suggest that the Teams Games Tournament learning model is associated with improved negotiation text writing skills in this school context. However, the results should be interpreted with caution due to limitations such as the single-school sample, relatively small sample size, intact class assignment without full randomization, and the absence of long-term observation. Further research involving broader samples and different educational contexts is recommended to strengthen the generalizability of these findings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rosa Aulia Fitri Siregar, Goziyah, Ariyana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Leadership Training Policy Implementation at Inap Timor-Leste: Diagnosing Ineffectiveness and Strengthening Bureaucratic Capacity
Leadership training policy is a strategic instrument for developing the competency and professionalism of the civil service apparatus. In Timor-Leste, this mandate is institutionally assigned to the Instituto Nacional da Administração Pública (INAP) under Decree-Law No. 38/2012 and Decreto-Lei n.º 25/2016. Despite a legally sound normative foundation, implementation remains critically ineffective evidenced by only 150 participants trained out of 3,527 officials holding structural positions over three years (2022–2024). This study investigates why legal clarity has not translated into effective implementation, employing a qualitative case study design with data drawn from semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and field observation involving ten purposively selected informants. Analysis is framed through the Van Meter and Van Horn model, which reveals that the implementation gap stems from six interconnected failures: unoperationalized policy standards in the curriculum, insufficient human and material resources, unsystematic inter-organizational communication, weak characteristics of implementing agents, volatile socio-political conditions, and inconsistent implementor disposition. The study's specific contribution lies in empirically diagnosing these causal linkages within a nascent post-independence state context, where bureaucratic capacity-building remains structurally constrained. Findings suggest that normative adequacy alone is insufficient; effective implementation requires operationalized standards, strengthened resource capacity, coordinated inter-agency mechanisms, and institutionalized commitment among implementing actors.
Copyright (c) 2026 Belarmino da Costa, Edy Sutrisno https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Human Security from an Islamic Perspective: A Case Study of the 2023 Israel - Gaza War
This study analyzes human security violations during the 2023 Israel–Gaza war using an Islamic Human Security Framework (IHSF) that integrates contemporary human security theory with maqāṣid al-sharīʿah (al-ḍarūriyyāt al-khams). Shifting from state-centered security, the framework redefines civilians as the primary referent object, identifies multidimensional threats, and derives ethical and policy implications grounded in both international norms and Islamic principles. Employing a qualitative document-based case study, this research examines 42 reports published between October 2023 and March 2024 by United Nations agencies (UN, UNRWA, OCHA), international human rights organizations, and peer-reviewed academic sources. Data were selected based on institutional credibility, temporal relevance, and cross-source verification, and analyzed through thematic content analysis with triangulation. The findings reveal systematic human security violations across five analytically mapped dimensions: protection of life (ḥifẓ al-nafs), evidenced by extensive civilian casualties; food security, indicated by siege-induced famine risks and obstruction of aid; health security, reflected in the destruction and paralysis of medical facilities; shelter and property protection (ḥifẓ al-māl), shown through large-scale housing destruction; and human dignity, manifested in forced displacement and collective punishment. Rather than assuming equivalence, the study explicitly aligns maqāṣid principles with modern human security dimensions, demonstrating their complementary evaluative capacity. The novelty of this research lies in operationalizing maqāṣid al-sharīʿah as normative criteria within a human security assessment of armed conflict. Limitations include reliance on secondary reports, contested casualty figures, and restricted access to field data.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rahmatul Linsani, Sidik Jatmika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Evolution of Humor Based on Local Wisdom: Social Message Marketing Strategies in the Social Media Era
This study analyzes the framing of humor based on local wisdom as a social message delivery strategy on the YouTube platform, with a specific focus on the 'Log In Season 3' playlist. Using the qualitative content analysis method of video units and audience responses in the comment column, this study dissects the persuasion mechanism in digital narratives. The findings suggest that framing local humor plays a strategic role in normalizing criticism of sensitive issues such as gender stigma, religious tolerance, and mental health. Humor serves as a de-escalation mechanism that lowers audience resistance through peripheral pathways in the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM), where the communicator's attractiveness and credibility are the main cues for "smuggling" moral messages. The analysis indicates that the reactualization of local cultural identities increases emotional engagement, transforming audiences from passive consumers to active participants who reflect messages in digital public spaces. This study concludes that local humor acts as an effective gateway to break through psychological barriers in the discourse of complex social issues in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yusuf Effendi , Daniari Setiawati , Deddy Muharman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Executive Compensation from Deontological and Utilitarian Ethics: A Literature Review
This study examines executive compensation within ethical frameworks, particularly deontological and utilitarian ethics, through a focused literature review of ten peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2020 and 2025. The research aims to explore how ethical principles shape executive compensation policies in promoting fairness, transparency, accountability, and social responsibility within corporate governance systems. The selected articles were qualitatively analyzed to identify dominant ethical perspectives and recurring themes related to executive remuneration, without claiming a fully systematic review procedure due to the limited number of studies and the absence of a detailed search and screening protocol. The findings indicate that a majority of the reviewed studies explicitly address the ethical dimensions of executive compensation, reflecting increasing scholarly attention to the alignment between financial incentives and moral responsibilities. From a deontological perspective, executive compensation should be grounded in principles of duty, justice, and respect for stakeholder rights, independent of performance outcomes. In contrast, utilitarian ethics assess compensation practices based on their capacity to maximize collective benefits, including organizational performance, employee welfare, and broader social value. The analysis further demonstrates that these two ethical frameworks can be integratively applied to develop a balanced compensation system that simultaneously emphasizes performance-based rewards and ethical accountability. Moreover, the literature highlights that unethical compensation practices may lead to stakeholder dissatisfaction, reputational risks, and internal organizational conflict. Therefore, embedding ethical considerations into executive compensation structures is essential for fostering responsible leadership, strengthening corporate integrity, reducing inequality, and ensuring the long-term sustainability of corporate governance practices.
Copyright (c) 2026 Christine Gianina Sulistio, Andhita Rosy Febrina, Khusnul Prasetyo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Perceptions and EV Attributes Influencing Adoption in Indonesia: A TPB Approach
Electric vehicles (EVs) are considered a promising solution for reducing greenhousegas emissions and environmental impacts. However, public perceptions of EVs remain diverse and are influenced by various factors. This study examines the effects of EV perceptions, perceived environmental benefits, perceived risks, incentive policies, vehicle attributes (design, economic feasibility, functionality, and safety), environmental concern, and knowledge on attitudes toward EVs and their adoption. It also investigates the roles of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and brand image in influencing EV adoption. A quantitative approach was employed using survey data from 296 respondents who had knowledge of EVs but did not own one. The data were analyzed using SmartPLS 3. The results indicate that EV perception, perceived environmental benefits, incentive policies, economic feasibility, functionality, safety, brand image, and environmental concern have significant positive effects on attitudes toward EVs. In contrast, perceived risks and design have negative effects on attitude. Knowledge was found to have no significant effect on either attitude or EV adoption. Design, economic feasibility, functionality, and safety significantly influence brand image. Furthermore, brand image, attitude, environmental concern, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control positively affect EV adoption. These findings provide new insights into non-user perceptions of EVs in developing countries and identify key factors that encourage consumers to transition from conventional fuel-powered vehicles to EVs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhamad Gifari Rusdi, Tengku Ezni Balqiah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Mapping Ten Years of Digital Burnout Research (2015–2024): a Scopus-Based Bibliometric Analysis
This study investigates the evolution of research on digital burnout and digital stress by applying a systematic bibliometric approach to publications indexed in Scopus between 2015 and 2024. The objective is to identify publication trends, intellectual structures, and emerging thematic patterns within this domain. A structured search strategy was implemented using predefined keywords, followed by a screening process based on relevance, document type, and duplication removal, resulting in a final sample of 162 peer-reviewed articles. Bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer and Bibliometrix to perform co-authorship, co-occurrence, and citation network analyses. The findings indicate a marked increase in publication output after 2020, reflecting intensified scholarly attention during the global digital transition period. Network visualization reveals that research is concentrated around three dominant clusters: (1) psychological impacts of digital overload, (2) organizational and occupational stressors linked to constant connectivity, and (3) coping mechanisms including digital detox and boundary management. Germany emerges as a central contributor in terms of institutional productivity and collaboration networks. Additionally, keyword co-occurrence analysis highlights a recent shift toward hybrid work environments and techno-stress mitigation strategies. This study contributes by providing a structured mapping of the intellectual and thematic evolution of digital burnout research, emphasizing the transition from individual-level analysis to organizational and systemic perspectives. The results offer an evidence-based foundation for future research directions, particularly in refining conceptual frameworks and identifying underexplored areas such as long-term adaptation to digital work ecosystems.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rima Febrianti, Pieter Andrian, Reni Januarti, Sri Astuti Handayani, Tatan Mayandripan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Effect of Financial Stress on Psychological Distress with Social Support as a Moderator in Karawang Manufacturing Employees
The manufacturing sector is a major contributor to Indonesia’s economic growth; however, its demanding work environment increases the risk of psychological distress among employees. Karawang Regency, as one of Indonesia’s key industrial areas, employs a large manufacturing workforce. Financial stress resulting from economic instability is considered an important factor influencing employees’ psychological well-being. This study aims to examine the effect of financial stress on psychological distress and investigate whether social support moderates this relationship among manufacturing employees in Karawang. Using a quantitative approach, primary data were collected through a Google Forms survey involving 312 employees of a manufacturing company in Karawang. The study employed the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), Financial Stress Scale (FSS), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Data were analyzed using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with JASP software. The results indicate that financial stress has a significant positive effect on psychological distress, while social support has a significant negative effect. Furthermore, the interaction effect demonstrates that social support significantly weakens the impact of financial stress on psychological distress. The model explains 51.7% of the variance in psychological distress. These findings suggest that financial stress is a significant risk factor for employee mental well-being, whereas social support functions as an important protective factor. Therefore, organizations should strengthen social support mechanisms in the workplace to help reduce the adverse psychological effects of financial stress and improve employee well-being.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tita Atiatul Maula, Lania Muharsih, Mohammad Iqbal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Influence of Dynamic Capabilities and Transformational Leadership on the Performance of Public Sector Organizations
This study examines the effects of dynamic capability and transformational leadership on organizational performance in public sector institutions by considering the institutional and bureaucratic characteristics that distinguish government organizations from private-sector entities. A quantitative survey approach was employed to investigate how adaptive organizational capabilities and leadership practices influence performance outcomes. A total of 150 questionnaires were distributed to structural and managerial officials in public organizations. Of these, 118 questionnaires were returned, 108 responses passed the initial screening process, and 100 valid cases were retained for the final analysis after data quality assessment. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS. The findings reveal that dynamic capability has a positive and significant effect on organizational performance (β = 0.31, p < 0.05), indicating that organizational adaptability enhances institutional effectiveness. Transformational leadership also demonstrates a positive and significant influence on performance (β = 0.51, p < 0.05), highlighting the importance of leadership behaviors in motivating employees and supporting organizational achievement. However, the interaction effect between dynamic capability and transformational leadership is not statistically significant. This study contributes to dynamic capability theory by identifying a public-sector-specific boundary condition: the performance benefits of dynamic capability are realized primarily through formalized procedures, administrative coordination, regulatory compliance, and accountability mechanisms rather than leadership-driven strategic flexibility. The findings extend dynamic capability theory to highly institutionalized public-sector environments and clarify how bureaucratic structures shape capability–performance relationships.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tri Haryanto, Alfira Sofia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analyzing Customer Loyalty Through Satisfaction in PT Garuda Indonesia
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted the global aviation industry, including the operational and financial performance of Garuda Indonesia as Indonesia’s national airline. In the post-pandemic recovery period, maintaining service performance and retaining passengers has become an important managerial concern. This study examines the relationship between service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty among passengers of Garuda Indonesia. A quantitative survey design was employed using purposive sampling of 200 respondents who had previously used Garuda Indonesia’s services, with the sample predominantly drawn from Surabaya and its surrounding areas. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed to passengers within this geographic scope. The analytical technique applied was Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess the relationships among the constructs. The empirical results indicate that perceived service quality is positively associated with customer loyalty. However, customer satisfaction was not found to significantly mediate the relationship between service quality and loyalty in the examined sample. These findings suggest that improvements in service performance may directly relate to loyalty perceptions among surveyed passengers, although the mediating role of satisfaction appears limited within the context of this study. Given the cross-sectional survey design, purposive sampling approach, and the geographic concentration of respondents in Surabaya and nearby regions, the results should be interpreted as reflecting patterns within this specific sample rather than representing all Garuda Indonesia customers. Nevertheless, the study offers empirical insights that may assist airline management in prioritizing service quality strategies during the post-pandemic recovery phase.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dito Putra Hardanto, Prasetyo Hadi, Maria Assumpta Wikantari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Dynamics of Halal Certification Acceleration in 2026: A Juridical Analysis of the Postponement of Mandatory Halal Requirements and the Integrity of the Self-Declaration Scheme for Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs)
Pursuant to Article 160 paragraph (2) of Government Regulation No. 42 of 2024 implementing Law No. 33 of 2014 as amended by Law No. 6 of 2023 on Job Creation, the government extended the mandatory halal certification deadline to 17 October 2026 exclusively for micro and small enterprise (MSE) producers of food and beverage products, slaughter products, and slaughtering services; this targeted postponement does not apply to medium and large enterprises or other product categories. This article examines the juridical consistency of the postponement with the principle of legal certainty and the normative robustness of the self-declare scheme in safeguarding halal integrity. Adopting a normative legal research design based on statutory and conceptual approaches, the study analyzes primary legal instruments and secondary materials for doctrinal analysis. The analysis demonstrates that the postponement reflects a policy-based interpretation accommodating structural constraints such as limited administrative capacity, institutional readiness, and MSE compliance challenges, rather than a deviation from the mandatory halal certification regime. Nevertheless, the self-declare mechanism, grounded in Article 4A of the Job Creation Law, raises concerns regarding substantive verification adequacy and institutional oversight. In addition, interpretative ambiguities within implementing provisions on transitional periods and supervisory mechanisms generate potential legal uncertainty. The principal implication highlights the need to strengthen supervisory and verification mechanisms by optimizing Halal Product Process Assistants (P3H) roles and ensuring SiHalal system coherence, so that the postponement serves as a justified transitional measure rather than diluting halal assurance standards.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Aminah Najmudin, Siti Adila Nazwa, Atmo Prawiro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Human, Social, and Digital Capital in Educational Development: Evidence from Pasirmae Village
Persistent disparities in educational quality between rural and urban areas frequently stem from limited infrastructure, financial capacity, and access to educational facilities, yet Pasirmae Village exemplifies how community resources are mobilized to support educational continuity. This study aims to interpret how human capital and social capital operate and interact in shaping community-based educational practices in Pasirmae Village, framing digital capital as a contextual supporting factor that facilitates access rather than as a primary analytical construct equal to the others, rather than constructing generalized theoretical models. Employing a qualitative case study design, data were collected through participant observation, document analysis, and in-depth interviews with teachers, school administrators, community leaders, and parents as key informants, with the data analyzed thematically to identify patterns in the roles and interrelations of these capitals. The findings reveal that human capital, reflected in parental educational awareness and educators’ pedagogical competence, functions as the primary driver of learning quality, while social capital manifested in trust, dense social networks, active participation, and the cultural practice of mutual cooperation operates as a reinforcing mechanism that sustains collective educational initiatives, with their relational interaction allowing social cohesion to amplify the effectiveness of individual capacities in addressing local educational constraints while digital capital provides contextual support; this study contributes by providing a context-bound interpretation of how community-derived resources function as an adaptive mechanism in rural education, offering an empirically grounded insight into the micro-level dynamics of educational development in resource-limited settings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Afrizal, Kiki Syarifudin, Robert Markus Zaka Lawang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Implementation of Social Issue-Based Social Studies Learning: A Qualitative Case Study at SMP Negeri 2 Sungai Melayu Rayak
This study examines the implementation of social issue-based Social Studies learning at SMP Negeri 2 Sungai Melayu Rayak in response to the limited contextualization of Social Studies instruction, which remains predominantly content-oriented despite curriculum reforms promoting student-centered learning. Previous studies have largely emphasized the theoretical importance of social issue-based learning, while empirical evidence regarding its classroom implementation in Indonesian junior secondary schools remains limited. Using a qualitative case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews with teachers, school leaders, and students, alongside classroom observations and document analysis of lesson plans and instructional materials. The data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and thematic conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the integration of local social issues, including agrarian conflicts and environmental problems, was associated with enhanced instructional relevance and encouraged active student participation. Learning activities based on group discussion, case analysis, and reflective presentation were perceived to support students’ critical thinking, argumentation, and collaborative abilities. The study also found that the Kurikulum Merdeka framework provided pedagogical flexibility that enabled teachers to adapt learning materials to students’ social realities. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating how social issue-based Social Studies learning can be operationalized in a local Indonesian school context to foster contextual critical awareness and civic responsibility among junior secondary students.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siswati, Siswandi, Karel Juniardi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Optimizing the Application of Artificial Intelligence in High School Learning Communication Strategies
The accelerated integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into educational ecosystems presents profound opportunities for pedagogical transformation, particularly within Senior High School (SMA) environments. This study investigates the optimization of AI applications in mediating learning communication strategies operationally defined herein as the facilitation of purposeful, bidirectional feedback loops, the structuring of adaptive interaction patterns, and the refinement of instructional messaging. Employing a qualitative mixed-methods design, this research triangulates a systematic literature review with a thematic analysis of semi-structured stakeholder interviews involving school leadership, instructional staff, and counseling professionals. The findings suggest that AI can enrich learning communication by dynamically adjusting instructional messaging and providing real-time, bidirectional feedback to students, thereby supporting constructivist knowledge building. Applications such as chatbot-based conversational agents, adaptive learning algorithms, and automated content generation tools are reported to facilitate greater efficiency in material delivery while affording students personalized learning pathways. However, the study identifies critical structural constraints, noting that successful implementation within the SMA context is heavily contingent upon infrastructural readiness, the mitigation of the digital divide, and the comprehensive development of teachers' digital pedagogical literacy. The authors conclude that while AI holds significant potential to make learning communication more inclusive and data-driven, causal impacts on long-term achievement require further quantitative evaluation. Therefore, it is crucial for educational institutions to develop comprehensive, human-centered governance policies that support the sustainable and ethical integration of this technology.
Copyright (c) 2026 Daniari Setiawati, Ahmad Fitriasari, Ni Putu Limarandani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0